In 1906, Sheriff Joseph Shipp served over the St. Elmo District of Chattanooga, TN. BUT when an innocent man is lynched, the sheriff has to answer for his role in the horrific event.

Sources
Tina's Story
AP
Photo of victim uncovered 112 years after bridge lynching--by Rosanna Hughes

Hamilton County Sheriff's Office
Sheriff Joseph F. Shipp 1904-1908

The New York Times
An Inspiring Act of Racial Healing in Chattanooga--by Peter Canellos

UMKC Famous Trials
Sheriff Shipp Trial (1907-09)

Wikipedia
Lynching of Ed Johnson
United States v. Ship

Photos
Sheriff Joseph Shipp--via UMKC Famous Trials
Ed Johnson--via UMKC Famous Trials
St. Elmo Street Station--via UMKC Famous Trials

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In Los Angeles, the Zoot Suit Riots of 1943 were fueled by tensions that ran deep. BUT in the chaos, a stark example of underlying racism emerged, exposing an uncomfortable truth about America's past.

Hillary's Story
Sources
History
Zoot Suit Riots

LA Times
The untold story of the Zoot Suit riots: How Black L.A. defended Mexican Americans

NBC News
Los Angeles apologizes for Zoot Suit Riots 80 years later

National WW2 Museum
The Zoot Suit Riots and Wartime Los Angeles

PBS
The Rise of Riots
Zoot Suit Riots

The Smithsonian
A Brief History of the Zoot Suit

Wikipedia
Zoot Suit Riots

Photos
Mexican American man wearing a zoot suit in 1943--from Library of Congress via National WW2 Museum
African American men wearing zoot suits in 1942--by Kingmidas911 via Wikipedia (CC-BY-SA 4.0)
Servicemen holding strips of Zoot Suits during Riots--from Bettman Archive via History
Two victims stripped of Zoot Suits by Servicemen--Anthony Potter Connection via History

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Madison Cawthorn was once hailed as a rising political figure, BUT his political journey took a dramatic turn when scandalous allegations surfaced, which tarnished his reputation and may have led to his defeat in the re-election race.

Sources
Hillary's Story
The Charlotte Observer
Florida man: Madison Cawthorn, denied NC reelection, confirms move to Sunshine State--by Danielle Battaglia
Madison Cawthorn pops up in 'Shiny Happyt People' for his odd connection to the Duggar family--by Danielle Battaglia

CNBC Politics
GOP Rep. Cawthorn calls leaked nude video ‘blackmail,’ says he was just ‘being crass with a friend’--by Kevin Breuninger
House Ethics Committee admonishes Rep. Madison Cawthorn over crypto promotion, failure to disclose stake--by Dan Mangan

CNN Politics
Madison Cawthorn pleads guilty in case over bringing a loaded handgun through TSA checkpoint-by Rebekah Riess

The Daily Beast
Inside the Relentless Campaign to Ruin Madison Cawthorn--by Sam Brodey

Forbes
Former Firebrand Rep. Madison Cawthorn Pleads Guilty To Bringing Gun To Airport--by Nicholas Reimann

NPR WLRN
Rep. Madison Cawthorn is under mounting pressure from scandals ahead of midterms--by Emma Bowman

PBS
Madison Cawthorn concedes in North Carolina Republican primary--by Gary D. Robertson, AP

People
Rep. Madison Cawthorn and Wife Cristina Will Divorce After 8 Months of Marriage: 'Our Lives Changed'--by Aaron Parsley

Politico
Exclusive: Madison Cawthorn photos reveal him wearing women’s lingerie in public setting--by Michael Kruse

Slate
Rising Star Republican Candidate Denounces Critic Over Past Support for “Non-White Males”--by Ben Mathis-Lilley

Time
Why Madison Cawthorn Lost His Race--by Abby Vesoulis

Wikipedia
Maison Cawthorn

Photos
Madison Cawthorn--by Gage Skidmore via Wikipedia CC BY-SA 2.0
Madison Cawthorn with fiance on his lap--by Christina Bayardelle via Jewish Insider

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Anthony Adams was rising up in the world of Utah politics. BUT his tragic death has led to a 40 year mystery.

Sources
Tina's Story
CBS 2 KUTV
'Key to finding the killer,' SLC cops looking for lost evidence from 40-year-old cold case--by Jeremy Harris

The Deck
Anthony Adams (Ace of Hearts, Utah)

Deseret News
Utah Cold Case Coalition designs playing cards to highlight cold cases--by Kim Bojorquez

Fox 13 Salt Lake City
Cold cases in Utah could warm up, including 40-year-old case with key evidence missing--by Matt McDonald

PBS Frontline
Anthony Adams

Q Salt Lake Magazine
The Murder of Tony Adams--by Ben Williams

Salt Lake Tribune
The murder of Anthony Adams: A four-decade-old mystery that Salt Lake City police are still investigating--by Eric S. Peterson

The United States Department of Justice
Anthony Adams--Notice to Close File

Photos
Anthony Adams--via Salt Lake City Police Department
Adams Social Activism--from Adams family via The Salt Lake Tribune
Newspaper Headline on Adams' Murder--from The Militant via The Salt Lake Tribune

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Hillary’s Story
In April 1913, a heinous murder happened at the National Pencil Company. BUT despite several leads to the contrary, Leo Frank is charged and later murdered for the crime.

Sources
Hillary's Story
Library of Congress
Trial and Lynching of Leo Frank: Topics in Chronicling America

Museum of Jewish Heritage
Seeking Justice: The Leo Frank Case Revisited

The New York Times
GEORGIA PARDONS VICTIM 70 YEARS AFTER LYNCHING

PBS
Exploring Hate: Today In History: The Lynching of Leo Frank

PBS Learning Media
The New South and Leo Frank | Georgia Stories

The Washington Post
Leo Frank was lynched for a murder he didn't commit. Now neo-Nazis are trying to rewrite history--by Jacob Bogage

Wikipedia
Leo Frank

Photos
Leo Frank--from Bettman Archive via Time
Mary Phagen--from the Atlanta Georgian via Public Domain
Trial with Frank and witness, Newt Lee--by Walter Frank Winn/Atlanta Journal via Public Domain
Leo Frank Lynching Historical Marker--by David Seibert via Historical Marker Database

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Tina’s Story
Judge Donna Scott Davenport oversaw juvenile justice cases in Tennessee. BUT after implementing a “filter system," she illegally sent children to jail.

Hillary’s Story
Throughout the 1960s-80s, Anita Bryant had a modest singing career that bought her some notoriety. But it was her anti-gay crusade that made her infamous.

Sources
Tina's Story
Change.org
US Dept. of Justice: Investigate Tennessee Judge Donna S. Davenport for Jailing Kids!

Daily Mail
Tennessee judge who 'used unconstitutional detention' and arrest policies to jail children as young as seven for truancy announces she's retiring - one day after legislators moved to remove her--by Tommy Taylor and Christopher Eberhart

Daily News Journal
D.L. Hughley confronts Rutherford County for arresting kids: 'There have to be accomplices'--by Kailee Shores
ProPublica
Black Children Were Jailed for a Crime That Doesn’t Exist. Almost Nothing Happened to the Adults in Charge.--by Ken Armstrong and Meribah Knight
Tennessee Judge Who Illegally Jailed Children Plans to Retire, Will Not Seek Reelection--by Ken Armstrong

Rutherford County Source
Judge Donna Scott Davenport to Retire in September of 2022

Rutherford County TN
Judge Donna Scott Davenport

WPLN News 90.3
Rutherford County will pay out $6M for illegally arresting and detaining hundreds of children--by Alexis Marshall and Emily Siner

Murfressboro Daily News Journal
MTSU president: University cuts ties with Judge Donna Scott Davenport as adjunct instructor--by Nancy DeGennaro

Photos
Judge Donna Scott Davenport--from Rutherford County Website
Distorted Video of Fight--ProPublica screenshot from YouTube--via ProPublica
Judge Travis Lampley--via Lampley Campaign Page on YouTube

Hillary's Story
Advocate
Understanding Anita Bryant, the Woman Who Declared War on Gays--by Robert Whirry

Gay South Florida (Miami Herald)
Bob Green: Anita's ex paid dearly in the fight--by Steve Rothaus

History
Anita Bryant Hit in the Face With Pie

NBC
LGBTQ History Month: The early days of America's AIDS crisis--by Catherine McGann

NBC News
How 1970s Christian crusader Anita Bryant helped spawn Florida's LGBTQ culture war--by Jullian Eugenios

National Geographic
Zapping: The boisterous protest tactic that ignited early LGBTQ activism--by Erin Blakemore

Out
Today In Gay History: Gay Activist Pies Anita Bryant In the Face

PBS
Anti-Gay Organizing on the Right

Photos
Anita Bryant--photo from AP via NBC News
Pie in Bryant's Face--by Bettmann screenshot via National Geographic
Anti-Anita Bryant Protest--via Houson Public Media

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Hillary’s Story
In 1835, white workers faced poor wages and long hours. BUT instead of fighting for labor laws, they took their anger out on black run businesses in Washington, D.C. known as the Snow Riot.

Tina’s Story
Throughout the mid20th century, the US faced an immigration problem not unlike today. BUT the solution resulted in one of the largest mass deportation in American history.

Sources
Hillary's Story
Cultural Tourism DC
Epicurean Eating House/Snow Riot Site, African American Heritage Trail

Emancipation DC
The Snow Riot

Histories of the National Mall
Snow Riot

History News Network
Francis Scott Key's Shameful Role in the "Snow Riot"--Washington DC's First Race Riot

NPR (Books)
August 'Snow-Storm' Brought Devastation To D.C.

Washington Post
The 'Snow Riot'--by Jefferson Morley

Wikipedia
Snow Riot

Photos
Anna Maria Thornton--screenshot of painting by Gilbert Stewart via NPR Books WLRN
Beverly Snow's Restaurant--unknown artist via Wikipedia (public domain)

Tina's Story
Britannica
Operation Wetback--by Brent Funderburk

CATO Institute
Enforcement Didn’t End Unlawful Immigration in 1950s, More Visas Did--by Alex Nowrasteh

History
The Largest Mass Deportation in American History

Imagine Mexico
Operation Wetback: Most Massive Deportation of Undocumented Mexicans in USA History

Immigration History
Operation Wetback

NPR
It Came Up In The Debate: Here Are 3 Things To Know About 'Operation Wetback'--by Eyder Peralta

Philadelphia Tribune
“Operation Wetback”: America's Worst Mass Deportation--by Michael Coard

Slate
What the Mass Deportation of Immigrants Might Look Like--by Louis Hyman and Natasha Iskander

Southern Poverty Law Center (Facebook page)
Operation Wetback

Timeline
“Operation Wetback” uprooted a million lives and tore families apart. Sound familiar?--by Laura Smith

Vox
Operation Wetback, the 1950s immigration policy Donald Trump loves, explained--by Dara Lind

Wikipedia
Operation Wetback

Photos
Mexican immigrants held by Border Patrol during Operation Wetback--from US Border Patrol Museum (public domain) via Wikipedia
Dwight D. Eisenhower--from White House Presidential Library (public domain) via Wikipedia
Lieutenant General Joseph M. Swing--from Harry S. Truman Library & Museum (public domain) via Wikipedia

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Tina’s Story
George Wesley Lee was a prominent civil rights leader in Humphreys County Mississippi. BUT when he continued to push for equal voting rights for blacks, he was murdered.

Hillary’s Story
Steve Lough worked for years with the Ringling Brothers circus. BUT when he saw bozos like Trump running for office, he decided that a real clown should join the clowns in Congress.

Sources
Tina's Story
AFL-CIO
Black History Month Profiles: Rev. George W. Lee--by Kenneth Quinnell

Black Past
GEORGE WASHINGTON LEE (1903-1955)--by Samuel Momodu

Mississippi Encyclopedia
George Wesley Lee (Minister and Activist)

Southern Poverty Law Center
REV. GEORGE LEE

United States Department of Justice
George Lee--Notice to Close File (Jul 12 2011)

Zinn Education Project
May 7, 1955: Murder of Rev. George W. Lee

Photos
George W. Lee--from beejae.com (fair use) via Wikipedia
Segregated Movie Theater in Belzoni--by Marion Post Wolcott (public domain) via Wikipedia
Katherine Blair Saw Gunman's Car--screenshot from 1955 Jet Magazine via Zinn Education Project

Hillary's Story
AP News
Circus clown who ran for Congress dies in South Carolina

Ballotpedia
South Carolina's 5th Congressional District

CBS News
Why an Ivy League-educated former clown is running for Congress--by Kathryn Watson

CNN
A clown is running for Congress in South Carolina--by Veronica Stracqualursi

Daily News
Professional clown Steve Lough is dead, months after losing his bid for the U.S. House of Representatives

Facebook
Steve Lough for Congress

IBTimes UK
Former clown Steve Lough running for Congress

Kornegay Funeral Home
Obituary Stephen Harrison "Steve" Lough of Camden, South Carolina

WIS News 10
So, there is a clown running for Congress in South Carolina--by Tanita Gaither

Photos
Steve Lough--screenshot via WIS News 10
Steve Lough in Clown Costume--from Notes on a Cowardly Lion via GoUpstate
Lough Campaign Website--screenshot of homepage via News 2 NBC

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Hillary’s Story
Rosewood was a quaint Black community in Levi County, FL. BUT when a white woman falsely accused a black man of rape, Rosewood was burned to the ground.

Tina’s Story
Bob Filner served in the House of Representatives for twenty years before becoming mayor of San Diego in 2012. BUT when assault allegations arose, Filner’s career plummeted.

Sources
Hillary's Story
Britannica
Rosewood massacre of 1923

CNN
Rosewood, Florida, marks 100 years since race massacre. Here’s what happened--By Nicole Chavez

Smithsonian
How History Forgot Rosewood, a Black Town Razed by a White Mob--by Craig Pittman

Tampa Bay Times
Florida’s Rosewood Massacre: 100 years later, the story continues--by Lauren Peace

Wikipedia
Rosewood Massacre

Photos
A burning cabin in Rosewood--from the Florida Memory Project (public domain) via Wikipedia
Sarah Carrier, Sylvester Carrier, and Willie Carrier--scanned from Michael D'Orso (public domain) via Wikipedia
Sheriff Walker--from Bettman via Smithsonian Magazine

Tina's Story
The Atlantic
13 Women's Accusations Against Bob Filner--by Garance Franke-Ruta

Ballotpedia
Bob Filner

Fox 5
Ex-Mayor Bob Filner breaks silence, seeks redemption in #MeToo era

Gruenberg Law
Josh Gruenberg secures 667k settlement against city of San Diego and former mayor Bob Filner

KESQ
San Diego’s Mayor Bob Filner “Not Welcome Back”

KPBS
Bob Filner And The Monster Within
City Of San Diego OKs $250K To Settle Filner Lawsuit
Disgraced San Diego Mayor Bob Filner Sentenced To 3 Years' Probation
Former San Diego Mayor Bob Filner Accused Of Sexual Harassment By Colorado Congresswoman
Supporters Ask Filner To Resign Over Sexual Harassment Claims

Los Angeles Times
Ex-San Diego Mayor Bob Filner still denies sex harassment and alleges his office was bugged--by Kristina Davis

The New York Times
Ex-Mayor of San Diego Pleads Guilty to Charges of Sexual Harassment--by Rob Davis and Adam Nagourney

On the Issues
Bob Filner

Times of San Diego
Former Mayor Bob Filner’s House Arrest to End Sunday--by Chris Jennewein

Voice of San Diego
The 5 Craziest Moments From the New Filner Book--by Liam Dillon

Photos
Bob Filner--by City of San Diego (public domain) via Wikipedia
Hooter's Sign Banning Filner--from Twitter/Francisbarraza via Delish
Filner at Plea Sentencing--screenshot via NBC San Diego

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Tina’s Story
Hiram Monserrate moved quickly from the New York City Council to the New York State Senate. BUT it was his quick temper that led to his political demise.

Hillary’s Story
In 1963, two black men in Florida were wrongfully convicted of murder. BUT even when evidence clears them of the deed, racism and bigotry delayed commuting their sentence.

Sources
Tina's Story
Associated Press
NY Senate votes to expel convicted lawmaker

Daily Politics
Monserrate convicted of misdemeanor--by Bill Hammond

Gotham Gazette
Hiram Monserrate Has No Place in Elected Office--by Nydia Velazquez

New York Daily News
Bloomberg: Monserrate's Actions 'Disgraceful, Despicable, Deplorable'

The New York Observor (Politicker NY)
Mad-Dog Councilman Champions No Man's Land--by Katharine Jose

The New York Post
Dems say ex-con Monserrate has real shot to win old Council seat--by Michael Gartland and Carl Campanile

The New York State Senate
Hiram Monserrate

The New York Times
Monserrate Is Cleared of Felonies--by Ralph Blumenthal
Monserrate Gets 2 Years in Prison for Misusing City Funds--by Colin Moynihan
New York Senate Expels Monserrate Over Assault--by Jeremy W. Peters
Rallying Around a Politician Charged With Assault--by Anne Barnard

People Pill
Hiram Monserrate

Syracuse
State Sen. Hiram Monserrate partly acquitted in domestic abuse case--by The Associated Press

Vote Hiram Monserrate
About Page

Photos
Hiram Monserrate--New York State Senate (Public Domain)
Hiram Monserrate announcing return to Democratic caucus in NY Senate--by Austin512 (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Hillary's Story
Death Penalty Information Center
The 13 other survivors and their stories--by Sydney P. Freedberg

Local 10 News
Black Florida man wrongly convicted of murder in 1960s dies at age 83--by Sanela Sabovic

The National Registry of Exonerations
Wilbert Lee

The New York Times
‘It's Over’ for 2 Wrongly Held 12 Years--by James T. Wooten

Orlando Sentinel
Pitts and Lee: For 25 years, denial of compensation shamed Florida

Sun Sentinel
Wilbert Lee, wrongly convicted of murder, dies at 83--by Howard Cohen

Wikipedia
Pitts and Lee v. Florida

Witness to Innocence
Freddie Lee Pitts (1937-2020)
Photos
Pitts (L) and Lee leaving a court hearing in 1969--from AP via The Sun Sentinel
Lee and Pitts leaving their second murder trial--via Florida Memory
Lee and Pitts at FL Legislature in 1998--Photo by Don Edgar/AP via The Sun Sentinel

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Tina’s Story
Esther Salas was appointed to the United States District Court of New Jersey in 2011 and loved serving on the bench. BUT tragedy strikes when a plaintiff decides to be judge, jury, and executioner.

Hillary’s Story
By the book US House rep Wayne Hays was a powerful congressman who became known for his notoriously mean attitude. BUT when a spurned lover speaks out, it closes the book on his career.

Sources
Hillary's Story
AP News
Wayne Hays, Former Congressman, Dead

History, Art, and Archives (US House of Representatives)
HAYS, Wayne Levere

Los Angeles Times
House Career Ended by Elizabeth Ray Scandal : Ex-Rep. Wayne L. Hays of Ohio

The New York Times
Wayne L. Hays of Ohio Dies at 77; Scandal Ended Career in Congress

Time (Archive)
Indecent Exposure on Capitol Hill

The Washington Post
Closed Session Romance on the Hill--by Marion Clark and rudy Maxa

Wikipedia
Elizabeth Ray
Wayne Hays

WVXU
Of Ohio's Many Political Scandals, These Are 9 Of The Worst--by Howard Wilkinson

Photo
Wayne Hays--by US Congress via Public Domain
Elizabeth Ray--photo by Henry Griffin/AP via WVXU

Tina's Story
ABC7
'Love is light' Judge Esther Salas marks 1 year since son Daniel's murder

ABC 30
Judge Esther Salas, whose son was killed at NJ home, speaks out about new bill to protect judges--by Danielle Genet & Alexandria Goodson
Suspected gunman who killed Judge Esther Salas' son disparaged her as a Latina--by Meredith Deliso

CBS News
Federal judge whose son was killed in ambush: "My son's death cannot be in vain"--by Tracy Smith
Killer's misogyny started in third grade when he tried to forcibly kiss girls in his class--by Gail Abbott Zimmerman

CNN
Attorney who was found dead named as primary suspect in fatal shooting at federal judge’s home--by Evan Perez, Brynn Gingras, Amir Vera, and Eric Levenson

The Guardian
'Anti-feminist' lawyer suspected of shooting judge's family found dead

My Central New Jersey
North Brunswick shooter suspect Roy Den Hollander's manifesto: 'Kill a Feminazi — save a child'--by Nick Muscavage
New Jersey Monthly
Immigration Stories: Esther Salas

New Jersey Spotlight News
Rand Paul refuses to meet NJ judge whose son was murdered, blocks judge security bill again--by Raven Santana

The New York Times
Inside the Violent and Misogynistic World of Roy Den Hollander--by Nicole Hong, Mihir Zaveri, and William K. Rashbaum
Suspect in Death of N.J. Judge’s Son Is Linked to California Killing--by Nicole Hong, William K. Rashbaum, Mihir Zaveri, and Katherine Rosman

NPR WLRN
An Attacker Killed A Judge's Son. Now She Wants To Protect Other Families--by Nina Totenberg
Judge Esther Salas Remembers The Night Of Assailant's Attack On Her Family--by Nina Totenberg

People
Judge Esther Salas Says It's 'Bittersweet' Returning to Work 7 Months After Her Son Was Killed--by Eric Todisco

The State of New Jersey
Governor Murphy Signs "Daniel's Law"

Photos
Judge Esther Salas--via Public Domain
Roy Den Hollander--from Hollander's website via The New York Times
Marc Angelucci during an interview in The Red Pill--from Cassie Jaye and Jaye Bird Productions via Fair Use

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Hillary’s Story
Jesse Helms was known for his racism and bigotry. BUT despite that, he maintained his seat for over 30 years allowing him to pass harmful legislation impacting marginalized communities in the US.

Tina’s Story
Michael Francke had a solid legal career in the criminal justice system in New Mexico and was appointed as director of the Oregon department of corrections in 1987. BUT when he’s found dead at work, it sparks decades of conspiracy theories.

Hillary's Story
60 Minutes
From the "60 Minutes" archives: Sen. Fritz Hollings--via YouTube

ABC News
BTS joins Karine Jean-Pierre at the White House press briefing--via YouTube

Britannica
Jesse Helms

CNN
Commentary: Don't sanitize Helms' racist past--by Roland Martin

History
AIDS activists unfurl a giant condom over Senator Jesse Helms’ home

The Jesse Helms Center
Home Page

Los Angeles Times
Former Sen. Jesse Helms dies at 86--by Johanna Neuman

Mother Jones
On the Record--by Eric Bates

The Nation
Jesse Helms, American Bigot--by Lisa Duggan

NPR
Remembering Sen. Jesse Holms

The New York Times
Jesse Helms Dies at 86; Conservative Force in the Senate--by Steven Holmes

Richard Burr
Senate Approves Resolution Honoring Jesse Helms

Wikipedia
Helms AIDS Amendments
Jesse Helms
National Congressional Club

Photos
Jesse Helms--by Manny Ceneta via NPR
Helms and Bono--via Jesse Helms Center
Screenshot from Helms’ Racist Ad--from YouTube via NPR

Tina's Story
CaseText
Gable v. Williams, Civil No. 3:07-cv-00413-AC

Coffee or Die
Who Killed Michael Francke?

Correctional Leaders Association
Francke Award

KOIN 6
Interactive: Who’s who in the Francke-Gable case
Oregon DOJ makes case to re-jail Frank Gable

MotherJones
What You Need to Know about Jesse Helms

The New York Times
PRISONS' DIRECTOR IS SLAIN IN OREGON

The Oregonian
Brothers of slain Oregon prisons chief both want release of man convicted in case, but disagree on next step

Portland Tribune
Pamplin Media Group - Francke murder: Gable's attorneys fight to keep him free
Pamplin Media Group - Oregon tries to re-jail Gable on Monday

Prison Legal News
Wrongfully Convicted Man Freed for Murder of Oregon DOC Director, But State Wants Him Back In Prison

Statesman Journal
Judge orders Frank Gable released from prison Friday in Oregon murder
Timeline of Michael Francke's murder, Frank Gable's possible release

United States District Court for the District of Oregon
Microsoft Word - JUSTICE-#6912532-v1-Gable_0413_PLD_RESPONSE_(ALL_PARTS_COMPILED).doc

University of Virginia
Francke, J. Michael, 1971 - Our History: Featured Alumni/ae - Law Library Guides at University of Virginia Arthur J. Morris Law Library

Unsolved Mysteries
Michael Francke

Unsolved Mysteries Wiki
Michael Francke

Wikipedia
Michael Francke

Willamette Week
Should You Believe This Man?
For Years, the Murder of Michael Francke Has Been Oregon’s Biggest Mystery. Last Week, It Took a New Twist.

Photos:
Micheal Francke—via Wikipedia (fair use)
The Dome Building—by Katr67
Map of Francke's Attack--screenshot via Statesman Journal
Frank Gable, alleged killer--screenshot from KWO8

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Hillary’s Story
Earl Butz served as Secretary of Agriculture throughout various administrations. BUT, when a joke he makes goes public, his career is under fire.

Tina’s Story
Christopher Hasson began his military career in 1988 and later served in the US Coast Guard for over 20 years. BUT when his home is raided in 2019, the FBI finds a cache of weapons and letters revealing a dangerous murder plot.

Sources
Hillary's Story
AG Week
Considering the lessons of Earl Butz--by Peter Welte

Farm Futures
A Special Tribute to Earl Butz

Grist
A reflection on the lasting legacy of 1970s USDA Secretary Earl Butz--by Tom Philpott

Listverse
10 Hilariously Stupid American Political Scandals--by Michael Van Duisen

The Los Angeles Times
U.S. Agriculture secretary ousted over racist joke

NBC News
Former USDA chief Earl Butz dies at 98

The New York Times
Earl L. Butz, Secretary Felled by Racial Remark, Is Dead at 98--by Richard Goldstein
Why they love Earl Butz--by James Risser and George Anthan

Wikipedia
Earl Butz

Photos
Earl Butz--from US Department of Agriculture (Public Domain)
Earl Butz at Meeting--from AP via Boston.com

Tina's Story
13 News Now
Ex-Coast Guard officer seeks review of terrorism sentence--by Associated Press

Associated Press
Coast Guard officer-terror suspect sentenced for guns, drugs--by Michael Kunzelman

BuzzFeed
A Coast Guard Lieutenant Accused Of Planning A Terrorist Attack Won't Be Charged With Terrorism--by Claudia Koerner

Capradio
Coast Guard Officer Pleads Not Guilty To Gun, Drug Charges In Alleged Terrorism Plot--By Richard Gonzales

CBS News
Coast Guard officer accused of drafting hit list of politicians and media figures sentenced to more than 13 years in prison--by Victoria Albert and Clare Hymes

The Intercept
The Department of Justice Loves Publicizing Arrests of Alleged Terrorists — but Not the White Nationalist Coast Guard Officer--by Murtaza Hussain

Navy Times
Coast Guard officer accused of terror plot asks for leniency--By Michael Kunzelman
Sentence upheld for former Coast Guard officer tied to terror plot--By Michael Kunzelman

NewsOne
The Coast Guard Terrorist Has Already Stopped Getting Major Media Attention--by Nigel Roberts

The New York Times
Coast Guard Officer Called a ‘Domestic Terrorist’ Pleads Guilty to Gun and Drug Charges--by Christine Hauser
Coast Guard Officer Plotted to Kill Democrats and Journalists, Prosecutors Say--by Dave Philipps
Former Coast Guard Officer Accused of Plotting Terrorism Is Sentenced to 13 Years--by Michael Levenson

NPR WLRN
Arrested Coast Guard Officer Allegedly Planned Attack 'On A Scale Rarely Seen'--by Greg Myre and Vanessa Romo
Coast Guard Officer Accused Of Planning A Mass Attack Pleads Guilty In Federal Court--by Paolo Zialcita

Patch
Northwest Ethnostate Part Of Coast Guard Officer's Terror Plot--by Neal McNamara

Southern Poverty Law Center
Feds: Coast Guard Lieutenant Has Neo-Nazi Ties, Had Hit List of Targets--by Brett Barrouquere and Heidi Beirich

Think Progress
This neo-Nazi helped radicalize Coast Guard officer Chris Hasson. Amazon is still selling his books.--by Luke Barnes

Time
The Military Is Cracking Down on Immigrant Recruits. But Advocates Say It's Ignoring a White Nationalism Problem--by Abigail Abrams

US Department of Justice
Christopher Hasson Facing Federal Indictment for Illegal Possession of Silencers, Possession of Firearms by a Drug Addict and Unlawful User, and Possession of a Controlled Substance

Wikipedia
Christopher Paul Hasson

Photos
Christopher Hasson--via US Attorney's Office (Public Domain)
Hasson Weapons Cache--from US District Court via Navy Times
Hasson Hit List--via US Attorney's Office via Heavy

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Hillary’s Story
The Office of Alien Property Custodian began with the purpose of holding property belonging to enemies of the United States. BUT things go too far when bribes are exchanged for patents and other goods.

Tina’s Story
Melissa Lucio lost her daughter in 2007 after a tragic accident. BUT despite no evidence to the contrary, the State of Texas sentenced her to death for a murder that never happened.

Sources
Hillary's Story
Cornell Law School
50 U.S. Code § 4306 - Alien Property Custodian; general powers and duties

Duke Law School
THE WORK OF THE ALIEN PROPERTY CUSTODIAN--by PAUL V. MYRON

National Archives
Civilian Agency Records RG 131
Records of the office of Alien Property

Smithsonian Magazine
The U.S. Confiscated Half a Billion Dollars in Private Property During WWI--by Daniel Gross

University of Hawaii
Government Documents - Independent Agencies, Boards, and Commissions: Alien Property Custodian

University of Virginia
"Rules of Practice and Procedure of the Office of Alien Property Custodian:" Draft, 1943

Wikipedia
Office of Alien Property Custodian

Photos
President Wilson and Mitchell Palmer--Bain News Service, Public Domain
Outside the sale of the A.W. Faber Pencil Co. Plant--via National Archives and Records Administration, Public Domain
Letter to the MET Museum of Art regarding Sale of Antiques--via The MET Museum

Tina's Story
The Action Network
Melissa Lucio: Innocent Woman on Death Row in Texas

Death Penalty Information Center
Federal Appeals Court Overturns Mother’s Conviction in Texas Child Murder Case That May Have Been an Accidental Death
U.S. Supreme Court Declines to Review Federal Appeals Court Ruling Overturning Grant of a New Trial for Texas Woman on Death Row for What May Have Been the Accidental Death of Her Child

Free Melissa Lucio
Free Melissa Lucio

Independent via Yahoo News
Juror who sentenced Melissa Lucio to death for daughter’s murder calls for retrial: ‘I was wrong’--by Justin Vallejo

Innocence Project
Melissa Lucio: 9 Facts You Should Know About This Innocent Woman Facing Execution

The Intercept
Rush to Judgment--by Liliana Segura and Jordan Smith

Jezebel
Kim Kardashian Urges Clemency for Melissa Lucio, Woman on Death Row in Texas--by Kylie Cheung

Justia
MELISSA ELIZABETH LUCIO v. THE STATE OF TEXAS (concurring)

KRGV
'She's innocent': Family asking Valley officials to watch documentary, halt execution of Melissa Lucio--by Stefany Rosales

Ms.
Texas Set to Execute Melissa Lucio Despite Credible Claims of Innocence--by MICHELLE ONELLO

NPR
Lawyers hope new evidence can stop Texas woman Melissa Lucio's execution--by The Associated Press

Texas Department of Criminal Justice
Death Row Information: Lucio, Melissa Elizabeth

US Courts
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, No. 16-70027

The Washington Post
Her execution date looming, a mother maintains innocence in 2-year-old daughter’s death--By Marisa Lati

Wikipedia
Melissa Lucio
The State of Texas vs. Melissa

Photos
Melissa Lucio Mug Shot--from Texas Department of Criminal Justice via Yahoo News

Melissa Lucio Prior to Her Conviction--screenshot of family photo via The Innocence Project
Kim Kardassian Tweet Regarding Lucio's Case--screenshot via ABC News

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Tina’s Story
In 2012, Tracie Hunter became the first black woman to serve as a juvenile court judge in Hamilton County, Ohio. BUT when evidence surfaces that she used her position to help her brother, jurors sit in judgment of her actions.

Hillary’s Story
Democrat David Wu earned his first congressional seat in 1998 and he supported science backed policies and advocated for human rights. BUT when events of his past come forward, a dark side of the congressman is revealed.

Sources
Tina's Story
Ballotpedia
Tracie Hunter

Cincinnati Business Courier
Here's why ex-judge Tracie Hunter is getting out of jail early--by Barrett J. Brunsman

Case Mine
Hunter V. Hamilton Cnty. bd. of Elections

Cincinnati Enquirer
Judge Tracie Hunter indicted on 8 felony counts--By Kimball Perry
Tracie Hunter could be refunded nearly $17,000 after appeals court ruling--by Kevin Grasha

The Cincinnati Herald
Tracie Hunter’s conviction is unlawful--by Stacy M. Brown

The Columbus Dispatch
Ohio case may set U.S. voting precedent

Fox 19 News
Ex-judge Tracie Hunter’s 6-year legal battle ends with probation being terminated--by Kevin Grasha
Hunter witness: Records given to judge's brother 'unethical,' refused to take them--by Jody Barr

LA Sentinel
'I am still storng, still standing' Trancie Hunter releaserd early from jail; seeks exoneration--by Dan Yount, The Cinnicinati Herald
Ohio State Sen. Cecil Thomas: Tracie Hunter’s Conviction is Unlawful--by Stacy M. Brown

Laws in Texas
Why Did Former Hamilton County Juvenile Court Judge Tracie Hunter End Up in Jail?

WCPO Cincinnati 9
Tracie Hunter timeline: Conflict follows judge from election to trial to present

WHIO
Tracie Hunter, controversial former Juvenile Court judge, to get out early

Wikipedia
Hamilton County, Ohio

WLWT5 News
Judge Tracie Hunter's brother takes stand in her trial--by Brad Evans

WRTV
Former judge Tracie Hunter dragged from courtroom, ordered to serve six-month sentence--by WCPO staff

Photos
Tracie Hunter dragged out of court--screenshot from WLWT 5 via YouTube
Steven Hunter interview about sister, Judge Tracie Hunter--screenshot from Dr. Vanessa Enouch via YouTube
Tracie Hunter released from jail--screenshot from Cincinnati Fox 19 Tracie Hunter released from jail--screenshot from Cincinnati Fox 19

Hillary's Story
The Atlantic
It's Not Just the 18-Year-Old: A List of Disturbing Stuff David Wu's Done--by Elspeth Reeve

BuzzFeed News
The Strange Case Of The Congressman Who Resigned And Never Left--Kate Nocera

The Oregonian
Allegation of assault on woman in 1970s in college shadow U.S. Rep. David Wu
Rep. David Wu boxed in by ethics investigation, forced to resign after pressure from colleagues
Sources: Young woman accuses Oregon Rep. David Wu of aggressive, unwanted sexual encounter

Politico
Wu won't resign; Pelosi seeks probe--by Jonathan Allen and John Bresnahan

Roll Call
Pelosi Seeks Ethics Investigation of Wu--by Jessica Brady

Wikipedia
David Wu

Photos
David Wu--from Office of Representative via Public Domain

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Hillary’s Story
The LA County Sheriff's Department prided themselves for their fight against criminal activity. BUT when complaints surface, they expose corrupt deputy gangs that created a decades long tradition of violence in the police force.

Tina’s Story
After years in education first as a teacher then as a principal, Daniel Peggs was elected as superintendent of the Altoona School District in 2019. BUT, after an FBI probe, Peggs is arrested for child trafficking.

Sources
Hillary's Story
ABC 7 News
Paul Tanaka grilled about ties to the 'Lynwood Vikings' deputy gang--By Lisa Bartley

Knock LA
Hunting for Humans--By Cerise Castle
Lynwood's Worst Nightmare--By Cerise Castle
The Protected Class--By Cerise Castle

LAist
Former Undersheriff Paul Tanaka Sentenced To Five Years In Prison--By Carman Tse

Los Angeles Magazine
The Downfall of Sheriff Baca--By Celeste Fremon

Los Angeles Times
Deputies' Killing of Man After 15-Mile Chase Was Self-Defense, DA Finds--By Mark Arax

The Secret Society Among Lawmen--BY ANNE-MARIE O’CONNOR AND TINA DAUNT

Spectrum News 1
More Deputies Allege Illegal Activity Inside Compton Sheriff's Station--By Kate Cagle

VLMCK
L.A. County Sheriff’s Gangs: Lynwood Vikings

Vox
A new lawsuit describes a violent gang in LA County. Its members are deputy sheriffs.--By PR Lockhart

Wikipedia
Lynwood Vikings
Paul Tanaka

Photos
Lynwood Vikings Logo--by Darouet (CC-BY-SA 4.0)
Paul Tanaka--LA County Official Photo via LAist
LASD Gang Tattoos--via CheckTheSheriffLA

Tina's Story
Green Bay Press Gazette
Altoona superintendent charged with sex trafficking had promised to rebuild trust within the district--By Samantha West

Leader-Telegram
Court filing sheds light on federal charges against former Altoona superintendent--By Andrew Dowd
Fundraiser seeks to support Peggs' ex-wife in cancer battle--By Eric Lindquist

Former Altoona school superintendent charged with sex trafficking agrees to plead guilty to reduced charge--By Bruce Vielmetti

Star Tribune
Feds: Western Wisconsin schools chief used teen girl for sex trafficking, making porn video

The United States Attorney's Office, Western District of Wisconsin
Altoona School Superintendent Charged with Sex Trafficking & Producing Child Pornography

Up North News
A Former Altoona Superintendent Is Now Facing Child Porn and Sex Trafficking Charges--by Julian Emerson

WAOW News 9
Parents react to sex crime allegations against former Gilman School District employee--By Rashad Williams

WEAU 13 News
Ashley Peggs, wife of Altoona Superintendent Dan Peggs, thanks community--By Annemarie Payson
Attorney for Dan Peggs targets ex-wife’s social media posts ahead of plea hearing--By Carla Rogner
Former Altoona Superintendent sentenced to 8 years in prison for possession of child pornography--By Maria Blough and Jimmie Kaska

WI Proud
Former superintendent faces up to 10 years in prison for child pornography charges

Wiki4All on YouTube
Lynwood Vikings

WQOW News 18
Former Altoona Superintendent case linked to name change bill
By: Katrina Lim
Former Altoona superintendent sentenced to eight years in prison, plus decade of supervision--By: Felicity Bosk
Inside the courtroom of the Daniel Peggs sentencing
The Latest: Altoona names interim superintendent, Peggs will be placed on leave if released from custody--By Clint Berge
Peggs to be sentenced Thursday; timeline of events--By: Felicity Bosk

Wisconsin Public Radio
Superintendent Charged With Sex Trafficking, Child Pornography Could Be Terminated By End Of March--By Rich Kremer

Wisconsin State Legislature
Assembly Bill 651

Photos
Daniel Peggs Mug Shot--from Dane County Sheriff's Office via Milwalkee Journal Sentinel
Courtroom Sketch of Sentencing--by Jim McKiernan via screenshot of WEAU 13 News

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Tina’s Story
After purchasing land on Manhattan Beach California In 1912, Willa and Charles Bruce created a popular resort for local black residents. BUT, when white neighbors complain, the City Council uses eminent domain to steal their property.

Hillary’s Story
American and literary academic Mildred Fish-Harnack moved to Germany to begin her career as a professor. BUT when Nazi’s started infiltrating all aspects of German life, she served as a spy for the Nazi Resistance.

Sources
Tina's Story
California Beaches
Bruce’s Beach – The Pretty Park with a Stormy Past

CEO LA County
Bruce's Beach

Change.org
Bruce's Beach: Justice for the Bruce family

City of Manhattan Beach
Bruce's Beach
City of Manhattan Beach
History Advisory Board Report

Easy Reader
What happened at Bruce’s Beach--by MARK MCDERMOTT

The Guardian
A beach town seized a Black couple’s land in the 1920s. Now their family could get it back--by Sam Levin
Bruce’s Beach to be returned to Black family 100 years after city ‘used the law to steal it’

The Inertia
Southern California’s Bruce’s Beach Will Return to Descendants of Original Black Owners--by Will Sileo

KCET
Manhattan Beach: The City Built on Sand Dunes Celebrates Its Centennial--By Nathan Masters

LA ist
How Bruce's Beach Was Stolen From The Black Family That Owned It — And How They Got It Back--By Hadley Meares

NBC Los Angeles
Governor Signs Bruce's Beach Bill in Move to Transfer Seized Property to Black Owners' Family

New York Time
California Beach Seized in 1924 From a Black Family Could Be Returned--by Jacey Fortin

NPR WLRN
A Black family got their beach back — and inspired others to fight against land theft--by Danny Hajek and A Martinez

Office of Governor Gavin Newsome
Moving to Right Historical Wrong, Governor Newsom Signs Legislation to Return Bruce’s Beach to Black Descendants

Spectrum News
The Legacy of Bruce's Beach, the South Bay's Black Resort--by David Mendez

Washington Post
Born with two strikes--by Toluse Olorunnipa and Griff Witte

Wikipedia
Bruce's Beach
Manhattan Beach, California

Photos
Charles and Willa Bruce--from Duane Yellow Feather Shepart via The Guardian
Bruce's Lodge, circa 1916 from Manhattan Beach Historical Society via Easy Readers News
Couple enjoying a day at Bruce's Beach, circa 1927--from the LaVera White Collection via Easy Readers News
Vistors to Bruce's Beach--from the Miriam Matthews Photograph Collection/UCLA via CEO LA County

Hillary's Story
PBS
Wisconsin's Nazi Resistance: The Mildred Fish-Harnack Story

PBS Wisconsin
WISCONSIN’S NAZI RESISTANCE: THE MILDRED FISH-HARNACK STORY

PBS Wisconsin Biographies
Mildred Fish-Harnack: Germany's Secret Hero

University of Wisconsin-Madison
Mildred Fish-Harnack honored as hero of resistance to Nazi regime--by Kari Knutson

Wikipedia
Mildred Harnack

Wisconsin Life
Mildred Harnack: Remembering The Wisconsin Woman Who Resisted Hitler--by Meg Jones

Women in Wisconsin
Mildred Fish-Harnack

Photos
Mildred Fish-Harnack--via UW-Madison Archives
Arvid and Mildred Fish-Harnack--via UW-Madison Archives
Mildred Fish-Harnack Prison Photo--from Arthur Heitzer via UW-Madison

Support The Muck Podcast

For show notes and links to our sources, please click here.

Support The Muck Podcast

For show notes and links to our sources, please click here.

Support The Muck Podcast

For show notes and links to our sources, please click here.

Support The Muck Podcast

For show notes and links to our sources, please click here.

Support The Muck Podcast

For show notes and links to our sources, please click here.

Support The Muck Podcast

Caroline Light currently serves as the Director of Undergraduate Studies at Harvard University and teaches courses on women, gender, and sexuality.

Melba Pearson is an attorney specializing in civil rights and criminal law, with an emphasis on policy.

For show notes and links to our sources, please click here.

Special Guests: Caroline Light and Melba V. Pearson.

Support The Muck Podcast

For show notes and links to our sources, please click here.

Support The Muck Podcast